![]() The development of elevators was led by the need for movement of raw materials, including coal and lumber, from hillsides. Several years later, another of Kulibin's elevators was installed in the Arkhangelskoye near Moscow. The first screw-drive elevator was built by Ivan Kulibin and installed in the Winter Palace in 1793, although there may have been an earlier design by Leonardo da Vinci. The invention of a system based on the screw drive was perhaps the most important step in elevator technology since ancient times, leading to the creation of modern passenger elevators. Īncient and medieval elevators used drive systems based on hoists and windlasses. Louis XV of France had a so-called 'flying chair' built for one of his mistresses at the Château de Versailles in 1743. In the 17th century, prototypes of elevators were installed in the palace buildings of England and France. In 1000, the Book of Secrets by Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Islamic Spain described the use of an elevator-like lifting device to raise a large battering ram to destroy a fortress. Each elevator could carry about 600 pounds (270 kg) (roughly the weight of two lions) 23 feet (7.0 m) up when powered by up to eight men. The Roman Colosseum, completed in AD 80, had roughly 25 elevators that were used for raising animals up to the floor. ![]() Sources from later periods mention elevators as cabs on a hemp rope, powered by people or animals. 212 BC) built his first elevator probably in 236 BC. The earliest known reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes ( c. Įlevator design by the German engineer Konrad Kyeser (1405) Some elevators can also travel horizontally in addition to the usual vertical motion. High-speed elevators are elevators that move faster than regular elevators and are common in skyscrapers and towers. Due to wheelchair access laws, elevators are often a legal requirement in new multistory buildings, especially where wheelchair ramps are not possible. Languages other than English, such as Japanese, may refer to elevators by loanwords based on either elevator or lift. Several types exist, such as the chain and bucket elevator, grain auger screw conveyor using the principle of Archimedes' screw, or the chain and paddles or forks of hay elevators. In agriculture and manufacturing, an elevator is any type of conveyor device used to lift materials in a continuous stream into bins or silos. ![]() They are typically powered by electric motors that drive traction cables and counterweight systems such as a hoist, although some pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a jack. It encompasses all the control and drive components.Ģ.Large lifting height, high-speed elevators, machine room elevators because of the hoisting machine power supply voltage is high, it is divided into signal control and drive control cabinet.ģ.Group control ladder group dispatching has a special group dispatching dispatcher, there is no special group dispatching dispatcher, such as OTIS production without a special group control cabinet.An elevator or lift is a machine that vertically transports people or freight between levels. The main functions of the control cabinet are: operation control and drive control.ġ.The call signal input and output processes and answers the call signal and starts the operation.Ģ.By communicating with passengers via registered signals, when the car arrives on a floor, car and direction of travel information is provided via visual signals of ringing and direction of arrival.ġ.According to the command information of operation control, it controls the car's start, acceleration (acceleration, speed), running, deceleration (deceleration), leveling, parking and automatic re-leveling.Ģ.Make sure the car is safe and reliable.ġ.General to enhance the height of the elevator below the average speed of the control cabinet of a ladder. The level of modern elevators depends mainly on the advanced nature of the control cabinet.It reflects the size of the elevator function, the level of reliability and advanced level of intelligence. In some special circumstances, PLC performance more stable than the computer board. ![]() PLC is actually a computer, mainly used for industrial field control. The current control cabinet is generally composed of plc and inverter however, there are some elevators with computer board control. With the development of computers and electronic technologies, elevator control cabinets became smaller and smaller and their functions became more and more powerful. In the early control cabinet, there were contactors, relays, capacitors, resistors, signal relays, power transformers and rectifiers, etc. Elevator control cabinet installed in the traction machine next to the elevator is the electrical equipment and signal control center. ![]()
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